# Vocabulary data credits

## CC-CEDICT

English dictionary definitions are adapted from CC-CEDICT, maintained by the CC-CEDICT contributors and distributed by MDBG.

- Project: https://cc-cedict.org/wiki/
- Download: https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary?page=cc-cedict
- License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
- Downloaded: 2026-10-04

Changes: selected 90 simplified Chinese entries; chose readings for ambiguous words; added tone-marked pinyin; shortened definitions; removed classifier and cross-reference fields; added topics, original example sentences and translations, and frequency counts.

The adapted vocabulary collection in `data/words.json` and the original examples in `scripts/starter-words.json` are provided under CC BY-SA 4.0. This notice does not grant a license to the application code.

## SUBTLEX-CH

Word occurrence counts come from the SUBTLEX-CH word-frequency dataset, distributed by Ghent University's Department of Experimental Psychology.

Cai, Q., & Brysbaert, M. (2010). SUBTLEX-CH: Chinese Word and Character Frequencies Based on Film Subtitles. PLoS ONE, 5(6), e10729.

- Dataset: https://www.ugent.be/pp/experimentele-psychologie/en/research/documents/subtlexch
- Paper: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010729
- Downloaded: 2026-10-04

Changes: retained counts only for the selected vocabulary; unmatched expressions receive zero and sort last. Counts reflect subtitle occurrences, not a definitive everyday conversation ranking.